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Unit 1 What’s the matter?

一、基础知识

1. What’ s the matter? 怎么啦？出什么事情了？

What’ s the matter with you?= What’s the trouble with you? = What’ s wrong with you? 你怎么了？

【注】： matter 和trouble 为名词， 其前可加the 或形容词性物主代词，wrong 是adj. 不能加the

2. have a cold=catch a cold=have the flu感冒

have a fever 发烧 have a cough咳嗽 have a stomachache胃疼，肚子疼 have a toothache牙疼 have a headache头疼

3. much too+ 形容词，意为 太...... ，

too much+名词，意为 很多，大量 。

4. enough【形容、副词】足够的/地，enough放在名前后，形副后。good enough足够好，enough money=much money

5. lie down躺下， lie 躺，躺着，过去式lay；lie说谎，过去式lied

6. maybe “或许”，常用于句首，表示可能性，后加句子。

Maybe you are right.

may be，是情态动词+be的结构，意为“可能，也许”，后加名词、代词或形容词。He may be angry.

sound like+名词代词和从句：

It sounds like you don’t know the truth.

It sounds like a good idea.

sound+形容词，“听起来，好像”，The music sounds nice.

7. need 需要，实义动词need+名词，需要某物；

need to do sth.需要做某事，主语通常是人，表示人主动的动作：You need to listen carefully during class.

8. get off (the bus) 下（公交车） get on 上车

11. agree 同意，赞同；

agree with sth. 同意某事 如：I agree with that idea.

agree to sb. 同意某人的意见 如：I agree to LiLei.

12. trouble问题，麻烦 ；be in trouble遇到麻烦，make trouble 制造麻烦 ，have trouble (in) doing sth. =have difficulties (in) doing sth做......有麻烦。

13. right away=right now=at once，意为 马上 。

14. advice [不可数名词]劝告，建议，向…征求意见，

give sb. advice on sth.就某事给某人建议；

advise [动词] advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事

exercise 练习、锻炼

当exercise意为“练习”时，为可数名词 即可加s

当exercise意为“锻炼”时，为不可数名词 即不加s

15. be used to sth./ doing sth.习惯于、适应了……、做某事，强调状态；His grandpa was used to country life.

Mary is not used to getting up early in the morning.

16. run out用完，用尽 When his water run out, he knew that he would have to do something to save his own life.

物sth. run out. 某物用尽了。

人sb. run out of sth. 人用尽了某物。He run out of all his money last night.

17. risk (sb.) to do sth. 冒险去做某事 take a risk=take risks 冒险

18. the importance of (doing) sth.（做）某事的重要性

We students should know the importance of (learning) English.

importance n. 重要（性）， important adj.重要的，

19.make a decision to do sth.= decide to do sth. 。

20. be in the control of …掌管，管理 The headmaster is in the control of this new school.

be out of control无法控制，无法管理

be under control被控制住，在控制之中

21.mind doing sth. 介意做某事 ,

Would you mind my opening the window?

27. give up (doing) sth. 放弃（做）某事，give up (playing) computer games；

Unit 2 I’ll help to clean up the city parks

1.cheer (sb.) up（让某人）变得高兴；振奋起来The good news cheered up everyone in our class.

2. give out分发；散发，相当于hand out，

The teacher is giving out/ handing out the test papers.

give sth. out to sb. 意为 把某物分发给某人 。

3. volunteer to do sth. 自愿做某事

4. alone：独自一人的，无感情色彩：指人The musician enjoyed living alone and writing songs himself.

lonely （感到）孤独寂寞的，带有很强的感情色彩，可做表语或定语。指内心孤独The lonely boy is not lonely now.

5. care for sb./sth.照顾；照料……

6. such “这样的，这种，如此”，用于修饰名词

such+ a/ an+形容词+单数名词：such a good day 多么美好的一天 /such an exciting match 多么 精彩的比赛

such+形容词+复数名词/不可数名词：such important decisions 多么重要的建议 such delicious food 多么美味的食物

如果名词前被many, much, few, little修饰时，只能用so，而不用such：so many sick children/ so little time

7. try out for…参加…选拔，争取成为…try out试用，试验

8. be busy with sth. 忙于（做）什么事情 be busy doing sth. 忙于（做）什么事情

9.try doing sth. 试着去做某事 try to do sth. 尽力去做某事 try one’s best (to do sth.) 尽某人最大的努力去做某事

10.be worried about sb./ sth. = worry about sb./ sth.

担心某人、某事

11. have difficulty (in) doing sth.= have trouble (in) doing sth. 做某事有困难

12. fix up修理=repair

Unit3 Could you please clean your room?

1.could you please take out the trash? 彼得，你能把垃圾倒了吗？

Could you please do sth ?请你（做）......好吗？ 用于提出请求，希望得到对方的肯定回答，说话的语气比较客气委婉。

Could 不是can的过去式，是委婉、礼貌的说法。回答用can.

【常用答语】肯定回答：Sure./ Of course./ Certainly./No problem. 否定回答： Sorry , I can’t

2、take out 取出（v+ adv）

take out the trash 倒垃圾 take a walk 散步 take away 拿走，取走take back 收回take place 发生 take off 脱下起飞

take a walk 去散步 take a rest 休息 take care of 照顾 take off 脱下；起飞 take up 占据 take down 拿下 take one’s time 不急；慢慢来 take one’s temperature 量体温

3.do the dishes 洗碗

4.at least 至少；at most 至少，不超过

5.finish doing sth 做完某事

6. For one week , she did not do any housework and neither did I. 一周的时间，她不做任何家务，我也不做。

neither +助动词/系动词/情态动词 +主语 “某人（主语）也不”

⑴ neither两者都不

neither …nor… 既不…也不…,连接两个词做主语，谓语动词由后一个主语确定Neither Tom nor Jim is a student

⑵ 表达“…也不……” 则用

“Neither /Nor + be / V助 / V情 + 主”

—The first one wasn’t bad. — Neither was the second.

7. find 用法：find → found →found v寻找

(1) find sb. doing sth 发现某人做某事

(2) find it + adj. + to do sth 发现做某事很……

◆find it difficult/ hard to do sth 发现做某事很困难

8. to one’s surprise 使某人吃惊的是 in surprise 吃惊地 be surprised at 对……感到吃惊

9. need ,must 引导的一般疑问句肯定会的用must,否定回答用needn’t

— Must I go there now? — Yes，you must/No, you needn’t

10.share 分享；共用 share sth 分享或共用某物 share sth with sb. 与某人分享某物

11. borrow /lend/keep

(1)borrow 借入 ,与from 连用，尤指主语“【借进来”】

borrow sth from sb. 从某人那里借某物 You can borrow the book from the library.

(2)lend 借出 ,与to 搭配 【指借出去】

lend sb sth=lend sth to sb 把某物借给某人He doesn’t want to lend his book to others.

(3)keep 保留，保存（延续动词，可以与表示一段时间的状语连用）【指借一段时间】

12. try v 试图，设法，努力

(1)try on 试穿

(2) try to do sth 努力做某事 【侧重尽力做】

(3) try doing sth 试图做某事 【侧重尝试做】

(4)try one’s best to do sth= do one’s best to do sth 尽某人最大努力做某事

13 Could I ask you to help me with some chores then?

那我能请求你帮我做些杂活吗？

短语

含义



ask sb. to do sth

请某人做某事



ask sb. not to do sth

不让某人做某事



ask sb for sth

向某人要某物



ask for help

寻求帮助



14. help sb. do sth. =help sb. with sth. 帮助某人做某事

15.Could I invite my friends to a party?

我能邀请我的朋友们来聚会吗？

（1）invite sb. to do sth 邀请某人做某事

(2)invite sb. to +地点 邀请某人去某地

16. have time =be free 有空

17.a waste of 浪费 a waste of time 浪费时间

18. spend/pay/cost/take 花费

(1)spend→spent→spent v 花费,主语是人

◆ sb.+ spend +时间/钱+on sth

◆sb. +spend +时间/钱+（in） doing sth

(2) pay →paid →paid v 支付，主语是人

◆sb.+ pay + 钱+for sth I pay 10 yuan for the book.

(3) cost→ cost→ cost v 花费，主语是某物或某事

◆sth cost sb. +钱 某物花费某人多少钱

(4)take→took → taken v 花费

◆It takes /took sb. some time to do sth.

做某事花费某人多长时间

It takes him 3 hours to do his homework.

19. in order to “目的是；为了” 后接动词原形。

in order to do sth 为了做某事

20 get on well with sb.与某人相处得好

21. get/go to sleep(fall asleep)入睡 相关：(be asleep睡着) be awake 醒着

22. provide v 提供 provide sth. for sb. 为某人提供某物

provide

为应急等做好准备而“提供； 供给”

provide sb. with sth. =provide sth for sb.提供某人某物





offer

侧重表示“愿意给予”

offer sb. sth. = offer sth to sb.对某人提供某物 offer to do sth 主动提出干某事





supply

定期“供应” , 强调替代或补充所需物品

Supply sb. with sth=supply sth. to sb. 为某人提供某物





23. depend on 依靠；信赖

24.keep ( on ) doing sth 继续做某事 He was in great pain but he kept on working

25. take care of 照顾= look after

26.the + 比较级， the + 比较级 “越...... 越...... ”

Unit 4 Why don’t you talk to your parents?

1.Why don’t you talk to your parents? 你为什么不和你打父母谈谈呢？

Why don't you do sth ?= Why not do sth? 为什么不......呢？

用于提建议的句型有：

(1)What about doing sth ?=How about doing sth? ….怎么样？

(2)Why don’t you do sth?= Why not do sth? 为什么不呢？

(3)Let’s do sth.让我们一起做某事吧。

(4)had better do/not do sth 最好做/不做某事

(5) Will/Would you please do sth 请你做…好吗？

(6) Would you like to do sth? 你想去做某事吗？

(7)Would you mind doing sth？你介意做某事吗？

2.allow v 允许

allow doing sth 允许做某事 They don’t allow smoking.

allow sb. to do sth 允许某人做某事My mother allows me to watch TV.

be allowed to do sth 被允许做某事

3. look through 浏览 look the same

4. angry adj. 生气的→ angrily adv. 生气地

(1)be angry with sb. =be mad at sb. 对某人生气【with后接人】

(2)be angry at/about sth对某事感到生气 【at后接事】

(3)be angry to do sth 做某事感到生气

5. although= though 尽管 , 用来引导让步状语从句。

注 :though / although 不能与but连用

6. hope v 希望

●hope to do sth I hope to visit Guilin.

hope + that 从句 （表示希望）

I hope that you’ll be better soon

●wish v 希望 wish to do sth I wish to visit Guilin.

wish sb.to do sth 希望某人做某事 I wish you to go.

wish +that 从句 表示愿望，

7. work out 解决；成功地发展

8. argue 争吵

argue with sb. 与某人争吵 argue with sb. about sth 为某事与某人争吵 argue about sth 争论某事

argue against 争辩；反对 He argued against the plan

9. hang out 闲逛；常去某处 内容过长，仅展示头部和尾部部分文字预览，全文请查看图片预览。 in trouble在困境中

in silence 在沉默中 in good health 在好的健康状态中A friend in need is a friend indeed. 患难见真情

5. no more ;not … anymore/ 强调数量和程度“不再增加” , 与非延续性动词连用

no longer ;not... any longer不再 强调时间或动作“不再延续” , 与延续性动词连用

6. check out 查看；观察

7. grow up 成长 （常用于指人或动物）

8.part with 与……分开；失去（尤指舍不得的东西）

9. as for 至于；关于 （后跟名词、代词或动名词）

10. for a while 一会儿

11.d o with 处理；对付（某人或某物）

deal with 处理 与how 连用

He taught me how to deal with pressure.

do with 处理 与what 连用

I don’t know what to do with these letters.

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