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Noun Clauses

名词性从句

Step I Review and summarize.

Task 1. Please write down the basic structures of simple sentences.

(2)

(3) (4)

(5)

Task 2. Please draw a mind map about three kinds of clauses.

Step II Learn about the concepts（概念） and connectors（连接词）.

Task 1. Please observe the following sentences and do a summary.

The problem will be discussed at the meeting.

Whether the plan should be carried out will be discussed at the meeting.

He told me the truth.

He told me that he would go to Beijing tomorrow.

This is the book.

This is what he told me this morning.

Tom, my good friend, works hard.

The news that he won the game is true.

【summary】

Noun clauses include： ； ； ； 。

Task 2. Observe the following connectors.

subordinating conjunctions（从属连词）：

that；if；whether

conjunctive pronouns（连接代词）：

what(ever); who(ever); whom(ever); whose; which(ever)

conjunctive adverbs（连接副词）：

when(ever); where(ever); why; how(ever)

special connectors（特殊连接词）：

because; as if; as though

Step III. The usages of noun clauses.

Part I. Subject clause（主语从句）

Definition：主语从句指在复合句中作 的句子。

Task 1. Analyze and summarize the function of connectors.

That he won the game made her happy.

Whether the meeting will be held has not been decided.

It is unknown whether / if he has agreed to my opinion.

【summary】

that在主语从句中， 。

whether / if 在主语从句中， 。

Who will be in charge of the company is not important.

Whoever gets the job will have a lot of work to do.

Whose tickets this is has not been found out.

What he will do has nothing to do with you.

Which team will win is not clear.

【summary】

连接代词在主语从句中充当 。

When they will start is not known yet.

Where the test will be given has not been decided.

Why he did it remains a mystery.

How we protect wildlife from dying out needs to be discussed.

【summary】

连接副词在主语从句中充当 。

Task 2. Please summarize the special usages of subject clause.

常见的it作形式主语的句式结构：

It+be+adj.+that从句

(obvious, true, surprising, good, wonderful, funny, possible, likely, certain, probable, clear, important, necessary, strange, natural, etc)

Eg: It is obvious that he failed in the exam.

It is important that we (should) take part in various activities.

It+be+名词词组+that从句

(no wonder, an honor, a good thing, a pity, a fact, no surprise, etc)

Eg: It’s a pity that we can’t go.

It+be+done+that从句

(said, reported, thought, expected, decided, announced, arranged, etc)

Eg: It is said that they have finished the work.

It+vi. / vi. phr.+that从句

(seemed, appeared, happened, turned out, occurred to, etc)

Eg: It happened that I was out that day.

The differences between subject clause（主语从句）and adverbial clause of concession（方式状语从句）.

Who saved that boy is not yet known.

Whoever saved the boy should be praised.

(=Anyone who saved the boy should be praised.)

Whoever saved the boy, he should be praised.

No matter who saved the boy, he should be praised.

【summary】

.

Part II. Object clause（宾语从句）

Definition：

宾语从句指在复合句中作 的句子，通常位于 或 之后。

Task 1. Analyze and summarize the function of connectors.

He said (that) he missed us very much.

He told me (that) he failed in the exam and that he was sad.

I wonder whether / if you can give me some advice.

【summary】

that在宾语从句中， 。

whether / if 在宾语从句中， 。

No one knows who will go to the meeting.

I can’t decide which one I should choose.

Pay attention to what the doctor said.

Do you know whom Jack is speaking to?

He asked whose car it was.

【summary】

连接代词在宾语从句中充当 。

I don’t understand why more women smoke than men in Britain.

Will you tell me how I can keep fit?

Please tell me when the earthquake took place.

Do you know where he lives.

【summary】

连接副词在宾语从句中充当 。

Task 2. Please summarize the special usages of object clause.

it作形式宾语的情况

She found it necessary that she should learn a foreign language.

I made it clear that I disagreed with them.

I would appreciate it if you could take my advice into consideration.

I hate it when they talk with their mouths full.

【summary】

it常放在动词 等后作形式宾语，而真正的宾语that从句则放在句尾。

表示喜好或厌恶的一类词如 等接宾语从句时，需在从句前加形式宾语it。

(2)宾语从句的时态问题

Do you think she will come on time?

She hesitated whether she would take our advice?

The teacher said that the earth goes around the sun.

【summary】

主句用 ，从句根据语境选用任意时态。

主句用 ，从句用过去的某种时态。

若从句表示的是 ，则用 。

宾语从句的语序为 。

(3)宾语从句中的否定转移

跟在think, believe, suppose, guess, expect, imagine等后的宾语从句且主语是第一人称并为一般现在时，如从句含有否定意义，并把否定词从从句转移到主句，这叫做否定转移。

Eg: I don’t think his success depends on good fortune.

Part III. Predicative clause（表语从句）

Definition：

表语从句指在复合句中作 的句子，一般结构为“主语+系动词+表语从句”。常见系动词有be, look, remain, seem等。

Task 1. Analyze and summarize the function of connectors.

The chance is that one smoker in four will die from smoking.

The question is whether the man will turn up in time.

【summary】

that 在表语从句中， 。

whether 在表语从句中， 。

Tom is no longer what he used to be.

The problem is who is really fit for the hard job.

The question is which of us should come first.

The important thing is whose name should be put on the top of the list.

【summary】

连接代词在表语从句中充当 。

That’s where I can’t agree with you.

This is why Sara was late for the meeting.

This is how they overcome the difficulties.

The most important thing is when I can solve this problem.

【summary】

连接副词在表语从句中充当 。

Task 2. Please summarize the special usages of predicative clause.

as if / though 引导的表语从句

He looks /seems as if he were 60 years old.

A. He didn’t go to school; that is because he will.

B.He was ill; that is why he didn’t go to school.

C. The reason why he didn’t go to school is that he was ill.

D. Why he didn’t go to school is that he was ill.

【summary】

A.

B.

C.

D.

Part IV. Appositive clause（同位语从句）

Definition：

在复合句中，跟在 后面进一步解释说明该词的具体内容，作 的句子叫同位语从句。此类名词有：news, fact, idea, truth, thought, information, suggestion, wish, doubt, word（消息）等。

Task 1. Analyze and summarize the function of connectors.

He told me the news that he would come home from aboard soon.

I insisted upon an answer to my question whether he was coming or not.

The question who should go abroad hasn’t been decided yet.

I have no idea which one I should choose.

Next comes to the question what you want to put in the box.

It is difficult to answer your question how black holes came into being.

I have no idea when he will be back.

【summary】

that在同位语从句中， 。

whether 在同位语从句中， 。

连接代词在同位语从句中充当 。

连接副词在同位语从句中充当 。

Task 2. Please observe and summarize The differences between appositive clause（同位语从句）and attributive clause（定从）.

The news that you heard is not true. ( )

The news that our team has won the game is true. ( )

【summary】

Step IV. 名词性从句常见考点

Part I. The differences between “whether” and “if”.

I don’t know whether he will help us or not.

Whether it is true remains a question.

Everything depends on whether we have enough money.

【summary】

与 连用时，用whether；

引导 和 时，用whether；

主语从句位于 时，用wh 内容过长，仅展示头部和尾部部分文字预览，全文请查看图片预览。 different in the afternoon from

it had been in the morning.

A. that B. where C. what D. which

28. I’d like to work with is honest and easy to get on with.

A. who B. whoever C. whomever D. no matter who

29. When you are reading, make a note of you think is of great importance.

A. which B. that C. what D. when

30. —Can we get everything ready by the weekend?

—It all depends on we can get Mr. Green’s cooperation.

A. that B. what C. whether D. if

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