高考英语短文改错最全套路来袭

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高考英语短文改错最全套路来袭

一 短文改错万能公式

  1.谓语动词的错误是历年考试的重点和热点,常见动词错误类型有:

  ①一般现在时与一般过去时错用;

  ②and前后动词时态不一致;

  ③主谓不一致;

  ④缺少动词,特别是be动词;

  ⑤第三人称单数形式错用;

  ⑥主动语态和被动语态错用。

  2.名词的常见错误:

  单复数名词错用,可数名词与不可数名词错用。

  3.连词错误:

  连词包括关系代词、副词,并列连词and/or/but等。

  关于连词,一般考查从句关系:who/whom/whose/what/which/how/why/when/where/if/whether等。

  4.冠词错误:

  误用a和an(根据单词的第一个音素来判定);

  误用a/an和the(固定搭配,或泛指、特指;多冠词或少冠词)

  5.形容词和副词错误:

  系动词后用形容词(be/am/is/are/was/were/become/go/感官性动词smell/feel);词性的误用(形容词修饰名词;副词修饰动词、形容词)。

  6.代词错误:

  代词的主格和宾格(I/me;he/him;she/her;we/us they/them)错误;

  反身代词(myself/yourself/himself/herself/themselves/ourselves)使用错误;

  代词的单数和复数使用错误;

  代词指代错误;

  多代词或少代词。

  7.非谓语动词的常见错误:

  不定式、动名词作主语、宾语时;

  and连接的不定式或动名词前后不一致(尤其距离较远时);

  介词后用动名词形式作宾语;

  某些动词后要求接动名词或不定式。

  8.介词错误:

  词组中的介词误用;

  介词意思理解偏差;

  介词的多用或少用

二 短文改错解答口诀

  动词形,名词数;

  注意形和副;

  非谓动词细辨别;

  习惯用法要记住;

  句子成分多分析;

  逻辑错误须关注。

  1、动词形

  主要包括两类错误:动词的时态和语态错误,以及主、谓不一致的错误。

  例如:

  My favourite sport is football. I was member of our school football team. Now my picture and prize is hanging in the library. (are)

  上述两例分别属于时态错误和主、谓不一致错误。找出此类错误的关键是树立牢固的时态概念,注意短文内容发生或存在的时间,保持时间概念的一致性。

  2、名词数

  指名词单、复数形式的用法错误。常表现为将名词复数写成单数。

  例如:

  …so that I’ll get good marks in all my subject. (subjects)

  3、区分形和副

  即区分形容词和副词在句子中的作用和具体用法。这也是高考短文改错的常某某。

  例如:

  I’m sure we’ll have a wonderfully time together. (wonderful)

  Unfortunate, there are too many people in my family. (Unfortunately)

  需要注意的是,形容词多用来做定、表、补语等,而副词只能在句子中作状语,修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子。第一例中的wonderful作定语修饰time,第二句的Unfortunately作状语修饰整个句子。

  4、非谓动词细辨别

  这是考查最多的错误形式之一。主要有分词和动名词类错误,也包括不定式类错误。

  例如:

  …in my spare time, but now I am interesting in football. (interested)

  Play football not only makes us grow up tall and strong but also … (playing)

  My parents love me… and will do all they can ∧ make sure… (to)

  上述二、三例分别是动名词作主语,和不定式作目的状语。一般的,现在分词有主动态和进行时的含义,而过去分词具有被动态和完成时的含义,不定式有将来时态的含义。

  5、习惯用法要记住

  主要考查习惯搭配方面的基础知识。这也是历年高考的常某某,其错误表现形式主要有三种:多词、少词和搭配错误。

  例 内容过长,仅展示头部和尾部部分文字预览,全文请查看图片预览。 gh quality oil are using for cooking. My uncle says that he never dreams becoming rich in the short period of time. Instead, he hopes that our business will grow steady.

2016 全国卷Ⅱ

The summer holiday is coming. My Classmates and I are talking about how to do during the holiday. We can chose between staying at home and take a trip. If we stay at home, it is comfortable but there is no need to spend money. But in that case, we will learn little about world. If we go on a trip abroad, we can broaden your view and gain knowledges we cannot get from books. Some classmates suggest we can go to places of interest nearby. I thought that it is a good idea. It does not cost many, yet we can still learn a lot.

2016 全国卷Ⅲ

The teenage year from 13 to 19 were the most difficult time for me. They were also the best and worse years in my life. At the first, I thought I knew everything and could make decisions by yourself. However, my parents didn’t seem to think such. They always tell me what to do and how to do it. At one time, I even felt my parents couldn’t understand me so I hoped I could be freely from them. I showed them I was independent by wear strange clothes. Now I am leaving home to college. At last, I will be on my own, but I still want to have my parents to turn to whenever need help.

参考答案

2016 全国卷Ⅰ

1. 第一句:that → where

2. 第二句:去掉but

3. 第四句:had → have

4. 第五句:honest→ honesty

5. 第六句:or → and

6. 第六句:using → used

7. 第七句:dreams ∧ of

8. 第七句:the → a

9. 第八句:our → his

10. 第八句:steady → steadily

2016 全国卷Ⅱ

1. 第二句:how → what

2. 第三句:chose → choose

3. 第三句:take → taking

4. 第四句:but → and

5. 第五句:about ∧ the

6. 第六句:your → our

7. 第六句:knowledges → knowledge

8. 第七句:can → should 或去掉can

9. 第八句:thought → think

10. 第九句:many → much

2016 全国卷Ⅲ

1. 第一句:year → years

2. 第二句:worse → worst

3. 第三句:去掉the

4. 第三句:yourself → myself

5. 第四句:such → so

6. 第五句:tell → told

7. 第六句:freely → free

8. 第七句:wear → wearing

9. 第八句:to → for

10. 第九句:whenever ∧ I

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