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专题16 阅读理解之细节理解题和词义猜测题——高效演练

A

An exciting landing process of Chang'e-4 lunar probe (月球探测器 ) was seen through the monitor at Beijing Aerospace Control Center in Beijing, Jan. 3, 2019. It touched down on the far side of the moon at 10:26 a.m. Beijing Time, becoming the first spacecraft soft-landing on the moon's unknown side never visible from Earth.

China's Chang'e-4 probe has started the exploration on the far side of the moon thanks to the relay satellite that provides a communication link with ground control. The relay satellite, named Queqiao, meaning Magpie Bridge, after a Chinese legend (传说 ) , was launched on May 21, 2018, and became the first communication satellite operating in the halo orbit, nearly 500,000 km from the earth. It can also provide communication for probes from other countries. The relay satellite will also be used for scientific and technological experiments. The maximum distance between the satellite and the Chang'e-4 probe on the far side of the moon is 79,000 km. The satellite processes data from the probe and sends it to Earth.

The satellite can stay in its orbit for a long time due to its relatively low fuel consumption, as the earth's and moon's gravity balances its orbital moving. While in orbit, it can "see" both the earth and the far side of the moon.

The concept of using a relay satellite in the halo orbit was first put forward by U.S. space experts in the 1960s, but was realized by Chinese space engineers.

Researchers hope to use the cameras on the satellite to record asteroids (小行星 ) hitting the far side of the moon. To control the cost of the Chang'e-4 probe, the relay satellite was designed to be relatively small, weighing about 400 kg.

Researchers had just 30 months to develop the satellite, putting them under high pressure. To promote public interest in space exploration, the China National Space Administration invited people to write down their wishes for lunar and space exploration, and the relay satellite carries the names of tens of thousands of participants and their messages.

这是一篇应用文。文章报道了XX时间2019年1月3日10时26分，我国嫦娥四号探测器成功登陆月球背面，并通过“鹊桥”中继卫星传回了世界第一张近距离拍摄的月背影像图。

1. What do we learn from the second paragraph?

A. The relay satellite was launched on Jan. 3, 2019.

B. Chang'e-4 probe was the first communication satellite.

C. The relay satellite only explores the far side of the moon.

D. The relay satellite can handle data from Chang'e-4 probe.

【答案】

【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段的The satellite processes data from the probe and sends it to Earth.可知，中继卫星可以处理来自嫦娥四号探测器的数据。故选D。

2. Why was the size of the relay satellite relatively small?

A. To reduce the cost as much as possible.

B. To make it circle Moon for a longer time.

C. To avoid being crashed by other satellites.

D. To follow American space experts' advice.’

【答案】A

【解析】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的To control the cost of the Chang'e-4 probe, the relay satellite was designed to be relatively small, weighing about 400 kg.可知，中继卫星的尺寸相对较小是为了节约成本，故选A。

3. What made researchers suffer from great stress?

A. Few people interested in the exploration on the moon.

B. The relay satellite carrying too much equipment.

C. Their lacking enough time to develop the relay satellite.

D. People's never being optimistic about the relay satellite.

【答案】C

【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段的Researchers had just 30 months to develop the satellite, putting them under high pressure. 可知，研究者们压力很大是因为他们只有30个月的时间开发这个卫星，即缺乏时间，故选C。

4. What is the main idea of the text?

A. China is a new space power after the USA.

B. Chang'e-4 probe lands on Moon's far side.

C. Chinese space engineers make much progress.

D. Space exploration is a dangerous challenge.

【答案】 B

【解析】主旨大意题。文章主要报道了嫦娥四号探测器成功登陆月球，文章介绍了卫星在月球登陆的情况，因此，本文的主要内容是嫦娥四号探测器在月球背面着陆。故选B。

B

With its snow-covered mountains and a variety of wildlife, Yellow Stone National Park is one of the scenic treasures of the United States. Located primarily in Wyoming, the park hosts millions of visitors every year. If you plan to travel within the park, keep in mind advice from the National Park Service.

Seasonal Travel

Travel varies vastly from season to season. Roads are generally open in the summer except for cases of rock or mud slides, wild fires, accidents or road construction. Early snows in the fall can cause some roads to close temporarily. In the winter almost all roads are closed to motor vehicles, but snowmobiles and other snow vehicles with tracks are allowed. Roads begin to open for the spring by the latter part of April but can close if snowfall continues.

Driving Time

Grand Loop is the main road through Yellowstone National Park; it passes by most of the major attractions. These include Old Faithful, Yellowstone Lake and the Grand Canyon of Yellowstone. The maximum speed limit on the Grand Loop is 45 miles per hour, but the speed limit drops during some of the winding and twisting sections of this narrow road. Allow yourself at least two days to fully travel the loop due to the size of the park and being sometimes stuck in heavy traffic.

Safety Awareness

Buffalo(水牛)often block the roads in the park as they move through the fields. If a group is traveling across the road you are on
you can either wait for them to pass or find an alternative route. If you get out of your vehicle, the National Park Service says to stay at least 25 yards from any buffalo (and 100 yards or more away from bears and wolves). Buffalo are particularly unpredictable and charge people at speeds up to 30 mph.

You can take your bicycle on any public roads and routes designed for bikes, but bicycles are not allowed on the park roads which are narrow with few shoulders. Altitudes range from 5, 300 to 8, 860 feet. The National Park Service recommends cyclists wear helmets and noticeable clothing.

本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了美国国家公园管理局给出的游览XX国家公园的建议。

5. What do we know about travelling in the Yellowstone Park?

A. Roads will stay open in case of emergency.

B. Traffic jam happens from time to time.

C. The driving speed on the road can be 50 mph.

D. Motor vehicles are allowed in the winter.

【答案】 B

【解析】细节理解题。根据Driving Time部分中的“Allow yourself at least two days to fully travel the loop due to the size of the park and being sometimes stuck in heavy traffic.”可知，考虑到交通拥挤，给自己至少两天时间来完成环行，由此可知，XX公园的交通堵塞时有发生，故B项正确。

6. What does the National Park Service suggest people do about safety?

A. Stay inside the car throughout the travel.

B. Get out of their vehicles when coming across the Buffalo.

C. Wear the easy-to-see clothes while bicycling.

D. Avoid bicycling on the public roads.

【答案】C

【解析】细节理解题。根据Safety Awareness部分中的“The National Park Service recommends cyclists wear helmets and noticeable clothing.”可知，美国国家公园管理局建议骑自行车游览公园的人戴头盔和穿醒目的衣服，故C项正确。

7. From which is the text probably taken?

A. A guidebook.

B. A commercial advertisement.

C. A research paper.

D. A geography textbook.

【答案】 A

【解析】推理判断题。根据文章内容可知，本文主要介绍了美国国家公园管理局给出的游览XX国家公园的建议，属于旅游范畴，最有可能出自旅游指南，故A项正确。

C

If you live in Washington, D. C., or Redwood, Calif., you may have glimpsed a small, boxy robot rolling along a local sidewalk, minding its own business, but attracting the attention of many a curious onlooker.

The robots, which look like electric rice cookers with wheels, were part of a pilot program last year by Starship Technologies focused on delivering meals from local restaurants in dozens of cities around the world.

This week, the company revealed plans to broaden it’s delivery service beyond food to include packages, a move that made it “the world’s first robot package delivery service”. The package delivery service is only available in some cities in the US.

The wheeled robots have a top speed of 4 mph and and can detect barriers from as far as 30 feet away. “The robot can operate through just about anything,” says Nick Handrick, head of operations for Starship’s D. C. office, “If you have something in the way, it’s able to climb it.” By giving customers control of when deliveries occur, Starship Technologies is promoting its service as a way to combat package theft.

To sign up for the service, which c 内容过长，仅展示头部和尾部部分文字预览，全文请查看图片预览。

A．Teens for Planet Earth. B．Meez.

C．Cyberteens. D．Student. com.

【答案】C

【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段的最后一句“This site also has surveys and helps with jobs and schoolwork”可知，Cyberteens为青少年提供工作上的帮助，故C项正确。

37.What makes Student. com special among these websites？

A．It has the most members.

B．Teens can read articles on it.

C．It offers help on schoolwork.

D．Teens can make purchases on it.

【答案】C

【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段的倒数第二句“Points are used to buy items at auction(拍卖会)”可知，在Student.com网站上，点数可以用来购买拍卖的商品，而其他三个网站都没有这一功能，故D项正确。

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