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Period Two Reading and Thinking—Comprehending

WHAT’ S IN A NAME？

The United Kingdom，Great Britain，Britain，

England—many people are confused by what these different names mean.1So what is the difference between them，if any? Getting to know a little bit about British history will help you solve this puzzle①.

In the 16th century，the nearby② country of Wales③ was joined to④ the Kingdom of England.Late，rin the 18th century，the country Scotland⑤ was joined to create the Kingdom of Great Britain.In the 19th century，the Kingdom of Ireland was added to create the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland.Finall，y in the 20th century，the southern part of Ireland broke away from⑥ the UK，which resulted in the full name we have today: the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland⑦.Most people just use the shortened name: “the United Kingdom” or “the UK”．People from the UK are called “British”，which means the UK is also often referred to as Britain or Great Britain.

The four countries that belong to⑧ the United Kingdom work together in some areas2.They use the same flag，known as the Union Jack，as well as⑨ share the same currency⑩ and military? defence?.However，they also have some differences.For example，England，Wales， Scotland，and Northern Ireland all have different education systems and legal? systems.They also have their own traditions，like their own national days and national dishes.And they even have their own football teams for competitions like the World Cup！

The United Kingdom has a long and interesting

There is so much more to learn about the interesting history and culture of the United Kingdom.Studying the history of the country will make your visit much more enjoyable.The capital city London is a great place to sta，rt as it is an ancient port○23 city that has a history dating all the way back to Roman○24 times.There are countless historic sites to explore，and lots of museums with ancient relics from all over the UK.The UK is a fascinating○25 mix of history and modern cultur，e with both new and old traditions.If you keep your eyes open○26，you will be surprised to find that you can see both its past and its present.

面前，令你叹为观止。

① puzzle/ ′p?zl/n.谜；智力游戏；疑问 vt.迷惑；使困惑

② nearby/?nI? ′baI/adj.附近的；邻近的 adv.在附近

③ Wales/weIlz/威尔士（英国）

④ join...to...把……和……连接或联结起来

⑤ Scotland/ ′sk?t?l?nd/苏格兰（英国）

⑥ break away （from sb. /sth. ）脱离；背叛；逃脱

⑦ Northern Ireland/?n??en ′aI?l?nd/北爱尔兰（英国）

⑧ belong/bI′l??/ vi.应在（某处）；适应

belong to属于

⑨ as well as同（一样也）；和；还

⑩ currency/ ′k?r?nsi/ n.通货；货币

?military/′mIl?tri/ adj.军事的；军用的

?defence/dI′fens/ n.防御；保卫

?legal/′li?XXXXXl/adj.法律的；合法的

?surround/s ? ′ra?nd/ vt.围绕；包围

?evidence/ ′evid?ns/ n.证据；证明

?achievement/?′t?i?vm?nt/ n.成就；成绩；达到

?Anglo-Saxon/ ???gl?? ′s?ksn/盎格鲁—撒克逊人

?Viking/ ′vaIkI?/ n.维京人；北欧海盗

?location/l?? ′keI?n/ n.地方；地点；位置

?Norman/ ′n??m? n/ adj.诺曼式的；诺曼人的

the Normans诺曼人

○21 conquer/ ′k??k? （r）/vt.占领；征服；控制

○22 battle/ ′b? tl/n.战役；搏斗 vi.& vt.搏斗；奋斗

Battle of Hastings/ ′heIstI?z/黑斯廷斯战役

○23 port/p ??t/ n.港口（城市）

○24Roman/ ′r??m?n/adj.古罗马的；罗马的 n．古罗马人；罗马市民

○25 fascinating/ ′f?sIneItI?/adj.极有吸引力的；迷人的

○26 keep your eyes open （for）留心；留意

Step 1 Fast-reading

Ⅰ.Read the passage quickly and fill in the following blanks with suitable words .

From the 16th to the 19th centuries，the 1.nearby

including Wales，Scotland and the Kingdom of

Ireland.

The four countries 3.belong to the United



similarities and

differences

Kingdom.They share the same flag，currency as well as 4.military defence，but have different education and 5.legal systems.

6.Evidence that the country was conquered by four



the countries that ever took over the United Kingdom in history

different groups can be seen everywhere you go， including the Romans，the Anglo-Saxons，the Vikings and the Normans.They had 7.influence in different fields.



name

countries 2.were joined to the Kingdom of England，

Ⅱ.The main idea of the passage is the history about the United Kingdom .

Step 2 Careful-reading

Ⅰ .Judge whether the following statements are true( T) or false (F)．

1．Scotland was the first country that was joined to the Kingdom of England.(F )

2．The four countries that make up the UK all have the army of their own.(F )

3．The Normans added some French words to the English language.(T )

4．The Anglo-Saxons influenced the building styles of the UK.(T )

5．If you want to visit the United Kingdom，it is a good idea to start with London.(T) Ⅱ .Read the passage on P40－41 and choose the best answer .

1．What can help us find out the difference between some different names of the UK ?

A．British languages.

B．British history.

C．British location.

D．British education.

答案 B

2．Which country is the first to be joined to the Kingdom of England ?

A．Britain. B．Scotland.

C．Wales. D．Ireland.

答案 C

3．What is different for the four countries of the UK?

A．The flag.

B．The currency.

C．The military defence.

D．The education system. 答案 D

4．Which of the following is the achievement of the Normans? A．Building towns and roads.

B．Changing the way of building houses. C．Leaving behind many new vocabulary . D．Changing the legal system. 答案 D

Step 3 Post-reading

Ⅰ .After reading the passage，please fill in the following blanks.

According to the British history，Wales is the first country to be joined 1.to the Kingdom of England，which happened in the 16th century.Later，Scotland and the Kingdom of Ireland 2.were added(add) to create the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland.In the 20th century，the southern part of Ireland 3.broke(break) away from the UK,4.which resulted in the full name we have today：the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Irelan，dwhose 5.shortened(shorten) name is “the United Kingdom” or “the UK”．The four countries of the UK use 6.the same flag as well as the same currency and military defence.However ， they also have some 7.differences(different)，like different legal systems.The UK’s long and interesting history can help you understand much more about the country and its traditions.Studying the history of the UK will make your visit much more 8.enjoyable(enjoy)． The capital city London is a great place 9.to start(start)，as it is an ancient port city that has a history 10.dating(date) all the way back to Roman times.There are countless historic sites to explore，and lots of museums with ancient relics from all over the UK.

Ⅱ .Discuss with your partner and then answer the following questions .

1．Can you work out why London is the capital of England，Great Britain and the UK?

2．If you have four days to stay in Londo，nwhat historic sites will you explore? Why do you choose them?

Step 4 Sentence-learning

1．Getting to know a little bit about British history will help you solve this puzzle .

［句式分析］ 本句为一个简单句。句中Getting to know a little bit about British history是动名词 短语作主语。动名词（短语）作主语时谓语动词用单数形式。

［自主翻译］ 稍微了解一下英国历史，就可以帮助你解开这个谜团。

2．Finally，in the 20th century，the southern part of Ireland broke away from the U，Kwhich resulted in the full name we have today：the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland .

［句式分析］ 本句为一个含有定语从句的复合句。which resulted in the full name we have today 为非限制性定语从句，关系代词which代指“爱尔兰南部地区从英国脱离出去”这件事。

［自主翻译］ 最后，在二十世纪时，爱尔兰南部脱离了联合王国，形成了今天的英国全称：大 不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国。

Ⅰ.阅读理解

A

Newcastle，one of the fastest developing cities in the United Kingdom，is beginning to draw tourists from all corners of Europe.It’s said that most visitors come here to see the famous soccer team play.The mood of the locals is often changed by the success or failure of the local team .

Newcastle’s most popular place is the Gate，which is in the center of the city and has many attractions including bars，restaurants，sports bars，pubs and so on.During a home game it becomes a real home to happiness.

Culture and local history lovers can make their dreams come true by taking one of the local city tour buses.They come and leave every few minutes and stop at all the important historical sites in the city.Also the seats and the environment on the buses are comfortable.It ’s the best way to see the city without tiring yourself out or getti 内容过长，仅展示头部和尾部部分文字预览，全文请查看图片预览。 A

解析 根据本段的内容可知，在不同的国家，你的一些行为会给当地人带来误解。A项（个人 空间随着你的环球旅行而变化）符合文意。

3．答案 G

解析 根据本段的“It’s not because your group is unfriendly，but because meal times are for eating，not talking.”可知，不是因为你的团队不友好，而是因为吃饭时间是为了吃饭，而不 是为了说话。G项（你可能会遇到沉默）符合文意。

4．答案 F

解析 根据本段的小标题Removing Your Shoes or No（t脱鞋子还是不脱）和空前句“So，if you see a row of shoes...，start undoing your laces.”可知，F项（如果不是，请穿着鞋子）符合文意。

5．答案 C

解析 根据空后句“And don’t feel offended（冒犯） if something seems offensive—like queue jumping.”可知，空处也是一个否定的祈使句。C项（永远不要对任何事情感到惊讶）符合文意。

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