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期末复习题1

名词解释：

SD序列（Shine-Dalgarno sequence）

内部核糖体进入位点序列（Internal ribosome entry site, IRES）

等电点（isoelectric point, pI）

复制检查点（Replication checkpoint）

DNA damage checkpoint

端粒与端粒酶（Telomere and telomerase）

单倍体（Haplotype）

转座子（Transposons）

DNA甲基化（DNA methylation）

Imprinting

LncRNA

Expressivity and Penetrance

Gene therapy and stem cell therapy

Chromatin Immunoprecipitation (ChIP)

Single cell sequence

Structure Illumination Microscopy (SIM)

DNA base pairing rule

Leading strand

Lagging strand

Transcription factor

Transcription activator

Transcription repressor

CRISPR-Cas9

Alternative splicing

表观遗传学（epigenetics）

副突变（Paramutation）

Single?nuclear?polymorphisms?(SNPs)

RNA干扰

?myoendothelial junction

Tunneling nanotubes

GPCR

简答题：

简述依赖于帽子结构的翻译起始过程

简述翻译共转位（co-translational translocation）的过程

List out a few commonly used techniques to study DNA replication fork, describe one of them in detail;

Why do cells face the challenge of epigenetic instability?

Why telomere maintenance is important for genome stability?

What are the major types of genetic variation? How do they come about?

What is the consequence of genomic instability?

What is the function of chromosome domains? How to study them?

Design experiments to characterize a new transcription factor.

List out a few “patterns of inheritance”, and briefly explain them.

Name a few diseases that gene therapy can help, and describe how?

请简述Western Blot、Northern Blot、Southern Blot和 Eastern Blot四种技术的目的、基本原理和之间的差异

近年来，CRISPR/Cas9基因编辑技术开始使用以来，它已经 内容过长，仅展示头部和尾部部分文字预览，全文请查看图片预览。 What are the features of DNA structure?

What is the DNA replication machinery?

How are gene expression regulated from DNA to RNA and to protein?

What are the evidence that the different cell types of a multicellular organism contain the same genomic DNA?

What can CRISPR-cas9 system do in a cell?

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