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探究·核心知识Period Ⅱ　Warming Up & Reading

1．quality n．质量；品质；性质

(教材P33)And what qualities does a great person have?

一位伟人需要什么样的品性？

(2014·湖北高考·阅读理解C)There will also be top quality restaurants，apartments and offices.

那儿将会有质量最好的餐馆、公寓和办公室。

He has many good qualities，but his best quality is his kindness.他有许多良好的品质，但最好的品质是为人善良。 【名师点津】　既可数又不可数的“quality”

quality作为“特点，品质”讲时，为可数名词；作为“质量”讲时，为不可数名词。A watch of good quality is more expensive than a watch of poor quality.质量好的手表比质量差的要贵。 (1)完成句子

①在质量方面这些货物不会有区别。

There is no difference ________________ between these goods.

②优质酒比劣质酒花费多。

Wine ______ costs more than that ________．

(2)句型转换

③These are good quality films.

→These films are good ________________．

→These films are ________________．

【答案】　①in quality　②of good quality；of poor quality

③in quality；of good quality2．(教材P33)mean adj.吝啬的；自私的；卑鄙的；刻薄的

He's too mean to buy us a meal.

他太小气，不肯请我们吃饭。

Why are you being so mean？你怎么会这么卑鄙？ (1)be mean about sth.　　　 吝啬某物

be mean to sb. 对某人刻薄

(2)mean v. 意思是；意味着

mean to do sth. 打算做某事

mean doing 意味着……

mean no harm 没有恶意(2013·浙江高考·阅读理解D)A young woman who thought that “Make hay while the sun shines” just meant to have a good time.一位有“未雨绸缪”想法的年轻妇女仅仅打算过得愉快。

Giving up means making your parents angry.

放弃意味着让你父母生气。 完成句子

①他在钱上很吝啬。

He ________________ money.

②对你的朋友不要太刻薄。

Don't be too ________________．

③错过这班车意味着再等一个小时。

Missing the bus ________________ for another hour.

【答案】　①is very mean about　②mean to your friends ③means waiting3．(教材P33)active adj.积极的；活跃的

She is the most active member in our group.

她是我们组最活跃的成员。

(2013·江西高考·阅读理解C)Listening well is an active exercise of our attention and hard work.认真听讲是我们注意力和努力工作的积极锻炼形式。 ①be active in sth./doing sth.　　　积极参与

take an active part in 积极参加

lead an active life 过积极生活

②actively adv. 积极地；活跃地

activity n. 活动

action n. 行为；行动As a young man，he was active in politics in his spare time.

作为年轻人，他业余时间里积极参加政治活动。

All the students joined in the match actively.

学生们都积极参加了这次比赛。 (1)完成句子

①我们应该积极参加户外活动。

We should __________________ outdoor activities.

②尽管年龄老了，他仍然积极生活。

Although he is old，he still __________________．(2)用active的适当形式填空

③She may be over 80，but she's still very ________，and often takes some outdoor ________．

④We are asked to speak ________ in class.

【答案】　①take an active part in　②leads an active life

③active；activities　④actively4．devote vt.(与to连用)献身；专心于

(教材P33)A great person is someone who devotes his/her life to helping others.

伟大的人是献身于帮助他人的人。

After he graduated he continued to devote himself to research.毕业之后他继续致力于研究工作。 ①devote oneself to(doing) sth.

　　　　　　　　　　献身于……；致力于……

devote one's life/time/money/energy to (doing)sth.

把某人的一生/时间/金钱/精力奉献于……

②devoted adj. 忠实的；深爱的

be devoted to (doing)sth. 专心于；致力于；奉献

于……；忠爱

③devotion n. 献身，忠诚 I devote part of my spare time to playing the violin every day.我每天都花部分业余时间练习小提琴。

(2013·江西高考·阅读理解B) International aid could reach the victims by setting up a body of devoted people in every country.国际援助通过在每个国家建立一支忠实的队伍才能够帮助到受害者。

(2013·安徽高考·完形填空) But with same work and devotion，you'll make progress.但是用同样的工作和忠诚你就会取得进步。 完成句子

①许多伟大的科学家都献身于中国的科学。

Many great scientists __________________ Chinese science.

②这位教师忠于职守，深受学生们爱戴。

The teacher's __________________ makes him loved by his students.

③他所有的闲暇时间都用在玩电脑游戏上了。

All his spare time __________________ computer games.

【答案】　①are devoted to/devote themselves to　

②devotion to work　③are devoted to playing5．(教材P33)He was the_first_man_to_land on the moon in July 1969.他是在1969年7月第一个登上月球的人。

【要点提炼】　不定式短语to land on the moon在句中作定语，修饰 the first man。当中心词被序数词修饰时，常用不定式作定语。

She was the first woman to win the gold medal in the Olympic Games.

她是第一位在奥运会上获得金牌的女性。 ①当中心词前有最高级或last修饰时，常用不定式作定语；

②当中心词前有all，no，any等修饰时，常用不定式作定语。 He was the best man to do the job.

他是做这个工作最好的人选。

She was the last student to get to school.

她是最后一个到校的学生。完成句子

①我们不记得谁是第一个到工厂的人。

We didn't remember who was the first ___________ the factory.

②汤姆是最适合完成这个任务的人。

Tom was the best man __________________________ the task.③他是历史上第一个到达山顶的人。

He was __________________________ the top of the mountain in history.

【答案】　①to arrive at　②to finish　③the first to reach

6．out of work失业(表状态)

(教材P34)Sadly I did not have one because I was not born there，and I worried about whether I would become out of work.糟糕的是，我没有这个证件，因为我不是在那里出生的，我很担心我是不是会失业。

(2013·山东高考·阅读理解A)Jimmy applied for a new job because he was out of work.吉米应聘了一份新工作因为他失业了。 out of order　　　混乱；发生故障

out of mind 心不在焉

out of breath 气喘吁吁

out of reach 够不着

out of danger 脱离危险

out of place 不恰当；不在原来位置 The telephone's out of order.电话机坏了。

He was very ill last week but is now out of danger.

他上星期病得很重，但现在已脱离了危险。 【名师点津】　“out of＋名词”含义不同

out of＋名词可表示两种含义：

①失去，离开，如：out of danger脱离危险；out of order混乱；out of reach够不着

②因为，由于，如：out of pity出于同情；out of respect出于尊重。 选词填空(out of work/out of order/out of breath/out of place)

①The room is ______________．It needs to be made clean and tidy.

②As the books are ______________ I can't find them.

③Hundreds of workers were ______________ because of the financial crisis.

④He ran upstairs and came in ______________．【答案】　①out of order　②out of place　③out of work　④out of breath

7．(教材P34)The_last_thirty_years_have_seen the greatest number of laws stopping our rights and progress，until today we have reached a_stage_where we have almost no rights at all.

过去30年来所出现的大量法律剥夺我们的权利，阻挡我们的进步，一直到今天，我们还处在几乎什么权利都没有的阶段。 【句式分析】　这是一个主从复合句。主句中含有一个“see＋宾语＋doing”的复合结构；until在句中引导时间状语从句；where引导定语从句，修饰先行词stage。

see，find等有些动词，可以用地点或时间名词作主语，表示某地或某时“经历、发生、目睹”了某事。该句是一个无生命的名词作主语的句式。

The year 1959 saw the first appearance of a real flying ship in the world.

1959年世界上出现了第一艘真正的飞船。

The city has seen many changes in the past ten years.

这座城市在过去的十年里经历了多次变革。翻译句子

①Morning saw the students reading on the playground.

_______________________________________________

②那座古老的塔见证了这个城市的发展。

_______________________________________________

③黄昏时，一个小女孩在街上哭。

_______________________________________________【答案】　①早上同学们在操场上读书。

②The old tower has witnessed the development of the city.

③The dusk saw a little girl crying in the street.(2)stage n．舞台，阶段，时期

Shakespeare compared the world to a stage.

莎士比亚把世界比作舞台。

At this stage，it's impossible to know whether our plan will succeed.在现阶段还不可能知道我们的计划能否成功。

The baby has reached the stage where he can stand up.

婴儿到了能站立的阶段。

【名师点津】　抽象名词后定语从句引导词的用法

当先行词为stage，situation，case，point等表示抽象地点的名词，且定语从句中缺少地点状语时，定语从句常用where或in which引导。翻译句子

①In time we reached a stage where we had to change.

_______________________________________________

②What if we meet with a situation where both sides are unwilling to give in?

_______________________________________________

③我已经到了无法忍受他的地步。

_______________________________________________【答案】　①最后我们到达了不得不改变的地步。

②假如我们遇到双方都不愿意让步的情形该怎么办？

③I've come to the point where I can't stand him.8．vote vt.& vi.投票；选举n.投票；选票；表决

(教材P34)Black people could not vote or choose their leaders.黑人不能投票或选举他们的领袖。

There was once a time when women had no right to vote.曾经有段时间妇女没有选举权。 ①vote to do sth.　　　投票干某事；一致认为做……

vote for 投票支持……

vote against 投票反对……

vote on 对……进行表决

②take/have a vote on 对……进行表决I shall vote for Hall because I think he's the better man.

我将投票选霍尔，因为我认为他是好人。

I'm sure he will vote against it.

我肯定他会投反对票的。(1)介、副词填空

①Most of us voted ________her，so she was elected as chairman of Students'Union.

②If we don't agree，we'll have to take a vote ________it.

③Twenty－two voted for it and forty－two voted ________ it.(2)完成句子

④美国人投票选举总统。

Americans ______________ their president.

⑤在我看来，我们应该就此投票表决。

In my view，we should ________ it.

【答案】　①for　②on　③against　④vote to choose　⑤vote on9．attack vt.& n．进攻；攻击；抨击；(疾病等的)侵害

(教材P34)We chose to attack the laws.我们选择向法律进攻。

(2014·新课标全国卷Ⅰ·阅读理解C)When faced with so many options，the lion chooses to freeze an 内容过长，仅展示头部和尾部部分文字预览，全文请查看图片预览。 turning around and waving hello to the crowd.小海豚格蕾丝炫耀了她的把戏，转身然后向人群挥手问好。

It turned out that the job was much harder than we had thought.结果是这份工作比我们想的更难。

She didn't turn up at the party as she promised.

她没有像她许诺的那样出现在聚会上。 用适当的介词或副词填空

①Despite our worries，everything turned ________ well.

②It's time to turn ________ your papers.

③Please turn ________ the volume.It's too noisy.

④We're at your service.Don't hesitate to turn ________ us if you have any further problems.

【答案】　①out　②in　③down　④to[文章尾部最后500字内容到此结束,中间部分内容请查看底下的图片预览]

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