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2018年

31、 My mother was determined to help those in need and she would have been immensely proud of what has been achieved these last 20 years. The italicized part in the sentence expresses ______.

A. a hypothesis ? ? ? ? B. a suggestion ? ? ? ?

C. a contradiction ? ? ?D. a surprise

31、A

[解析] 本题考查虚拟语气用法。“would have done”表示对过去事情的假设，意为“本来会做某事但事实上并没有做”。A项“假设、假说”；B项“建议”；C项“对比”；D项“惊讶”。根据句意和虚拟语气知识，故选A。

2017年

26、 "If I were you, I wouldn't wait to propose to her." The subjunctive mood in the sentence is used to_______.

? ?A. alleviate hostility ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? B. express unfavorable feelings

? ?C. indicate uncertainty ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?D. make a suggestion

26、D

[解析] 本题考查虚拟语气的用法。本句是和现在事实相反的虚拟语气，表示说话人对“向她求婚”这件事积极、赞成的态度，其实也有希望听话人按自己说的去做的意思。A项“减轻敌意”；B项“表达反对的情绪”；C项“暗示不确定性”；D项“提出建议”。综上所述，故选D。

27、 "It's a shame that the city official should have gone back on his word." The modal auxiliary SHOULD expresses ______.

? ?A. obligation ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? B. disappointment

? ?C. future in the past ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? D. tentativeness

27、B

[解析] 本题考查情态动词should的用法。在It's surprising/strange/a pity...以及I'm surprised/sorry...sb. should等句型中，should意为“竟然会”。A项“义务”；B项“失望”；C项“过去将来时”；D项“试探”。综合考虑，B项符合句意，故选B。

30、 At that moment, with the crowd watching me, I was not afraid in the ordinary sense, as I____ if I ______ alone.

? ?A. would have been...had been ? ? ? ? B. should be...had been

? ?C. could be...were ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?? ? D. might have been...were

30、A

[解析] 本题考查与过去事实相反的虚拟语气。句子翻译：此刻，众人注目于某某，我倒没有通常意义的那种担心/害怕了，原因在于，如果我孤独了，我就会担心/害怕了。

2016年

30、 ______ your advice, I would have made the wrong decision.

? ? A. Hadn't it been for ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? B. Had it not been for

? ? C. Had it been for ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? D. Had not it been for

30、B

虚拟语气题。在if引导的虚拟条件句中，句型if it hadn't been for表示与过去的事实相反，意为“要不是，若非”，根据句意，排除C；当虚拟条件句的从句部分含有were，should或had时，可省略if，把were，should或had挪至从句句首，构成倒装结构。若从句为否定句，否定词not应置于主语之后，而不能与were，should或had等缩略成Weren't，Shouldn't或Hadn't置于句首，因此B为答案。

31、 The sentence I wish I had been more careful in spending money expresses the speaker's ______.

? ? A. hope ? ? ? ? ? B. joy ? ? ? ? ? ? C. regret ? ? ? ? ? D. relief

31、C

虚拟语气题。动词wish后接宾语从句时，从句谓语要用虚拟语气。若表示与现在事实相反的愿望，从句谓语用一般过去时或过去进行时；若对过去发生的事情表示遗憾或后悔，从句谓语用过去完成时或would/could have done；若对将来发生的事情表示祝愿或愿望时，从句谓语用would/could do。题干中wish之后的宾语从句是过去完成时，并且句意也表明说话人对自己之前乱花钱感到非常后悔，因此C为答案。

2015年

59、 If you explained the situation to your lawyer, he ______ able to advise you much better than I can.

A．will be B．would be C．was D．were

59、B

[解析] 句意：如果你把情况向律师说明，他会比我更能给你提出好建议。本题条件状语从句中的谓语动词用了过去式explained，说明“解释情况”的内容与现在或将来的情况相反，所以主句的谓语动词应该用“would+动词原形”表虚拟，答案为B。

2014年

52、 It is essential that he ______ all the facts first.

?A．is examining ?? B．will examine ?? C．examines ? D．examine

52、D

[解析] 虚拟语气题。在it is essential(necessary，vital，important，imperative，urgent，advisable，proper，strange，preferable!，obligatory等)that...句型中，that后面的主语从句要用虚拟语气，即should+动词原形，其中should可以省略。故选D。

2013年

54. Which of the following sentences contains subjunctive mood?

　　A. Lucy insisted that her son get home before 5 o’clock?

　　B. She used to drive to work, but now she takes the city metro.

　　C. Walk straight ahead, and don't turn till the second traffic lights.

　　D. Paul will cancel his flight if he cannot get his visa by Friday.

54. A

解析： subjunctive mood是指虚拟语气，四个选项里只有A的 insist属于虚拟语气用法，其中that从句里省略了 should。

54、A

[解析] 考查虚拟语气。表示建议、命令、劝告、决心等主观色彩的动词引导的宾语从句要用虚拟语气，用“(should)+动词原形”，常见的动词包括：advise，command，decide，demand，determine，insist，maintain，order，prefer，propose，recommend，require，suggest等等。因此A正确，从句省略了should。B是陈述句，C是祈使句。D包含if引导的条件句，主句用将来时，从句用一般现在时，句中没有使用虚拟语气。

63. If it _______ tomorrow, the match would be put off.

　　A. were to rain 　　B. was to rain

　　C. was raining 　　D. had rained

63、B

[解析] 考查if引导的虚拟语气。对将来实现的可能性很小或不确定的假设，if从句的谓语形式用一般过去式或用were to/should+动词原形，主句谓语用would/should/could/might+动词原形。注意虚拟条件句中，be动词都用were，因此选B。

64. Which of the following sentences expresses a fact?

　　A. Mary and her son must be home by now.

　　B. Careless reading must give poor results.

　　C. He must be working late at the office.

　　D. It’s getting late, and I must leave now.

64、D

[解析] 考查情态动词must的用法。A“玛丽和她的儿子这时一定已到家”、B“阅读粗心成绩肯定差”、C“他在办公室一定是工作到很晚”此三项表示推测，must意为“一定，肯定”。D“天晚了，我必须离开了”，是对事实的一种陈述，must表示“必须”，因此选D。

2012年

55、 My boss ordered that the legal documents ______ to him before lunch.

? ?A. be sent ???B. were sent ? ??C. were to be sent ? D. must be sent

55、A

[解析] 我老板下令午饭前必须交给他那些法律文件。

[解析] 考查虚拟语气在宾语从句中的应用。若主句谓语动词为suggest，demand，order，propose，request等表示建议、要求、命令等语气的动词，后面的宾语从句要虚拟语气，即“(should)+动词原形”，因此选A。

2011

62、 It's getting late. I'd rather you __ now.

? ?A. left ? ? ??B. leave ? ? ?C. are leaving ? ??D. will leave

62、A

[解析] 考查虚拟语气。would rather后面接从句时，表示主语宁愿某人做某事，从句要用虚拟语气，动词用一般过去式，表示希望。注意区分would rather其他两个惯用句式：would rather do sth.“宁愿做某事”：would rather do…than do…“宁愿做……而不愿做……”。

2010年

61、 It is necessary that he ______ the assignment without delay.

? ?A. hand in ? B. hands in ? ?C. must hand in ? ?D. has to hand in

61、A

[解析] 他必须按时交作业，不得拖延。

[解析] 考查的是虚拟语气。在“It+be+a.+that”从句中，that引导的主语从句谓语动词常用should+动词原形。

用于该句型的形容词有necessary，good，important，light，wrong，better，natural，proper，funny，strange，surprising等。

2009年

53、 If there were no subjunctive mood, English ______much easier to learn.

? ?A. could have been ?B. would be ??C. will be ? ?D. would have been

53、B

虚拟语气题。本句是对现在情况进行虚拟，条件从句中用过去时，这里是be的过去时were，而主句中谓语用would+动词原形，这里是would be。

2008年

53、 Had Judy been more careful on the maths exam, she ______ much better results now.

? ?A. would be getting ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?B. could have got

? ?C. must get ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?D. would get

53、D

虚拟语气题。本题考查错综条件句的虚拟语气，从句部分是对过去的虚拟，省略了if，因此出现倒装，但主句部分由于出现了明显的时间标志词now，可见是对现在的虚拟。根据虚拟语气的语法规则，对现在的虚拟应该用would/could/might/should do的形式。由于get为瞬间动词，在表示“得到”时不用进行时态，故选[D]。

2007

55、 If only the patient ______ a different treatment instead of using the antibodies he might still be alive now.

?A. had received ? ?B. received ? ?C. should receive ?D. were receiving

［A］

译文：如果那个病人不使用抗生素而是采用其他疗法，他可能现在还活着呢。

虚拟语气题。本句为 if only引导的虚拟语气：与过去事实相反，谓语动词用 had done；与现在事实相反，谓语动词用did。这里从句和主句在时态上为错综关系，if only 部分表示的是过去发生的事情，故用过去完成时。而主句表示的是现在。

2007年

66、 It is absolutely essential that William ______ his study in spite of learning difficulties.

? ? A. will continue ? B. continued ??C. continue ? D. continues

66、C

原句省略了should，故正确选项应该为动词原形，故正确答案应该为C。

2006年

52. If only I play the guitar as well as you

A. would B. could C. should D. might

52．正确答案为B）

could表示能够，是一种能力． If only引导的虚拟语气，表示 “要是….，该多好啊！”．句意：要是我能像你那样把吉他弹得那么好该多好啊！

54. Its high time we cutting down the rainforests.

A. stopped B. had to stop C. shall stop D. stop

54．正确答案为A）

It is （high/about）time that 的意思是 “到了做….的时候了”, 从句中一般用过去时构成虚拟语气．此句型为历年专四考试常考句型。

57、I am surprised ______ this city is a dull place to live in.

? ?A. that you should think ? ?? ?B. by what you are thinking

? ?C. that you would think ? ? ?D. with what you were thinking

57．正确答案为A）

58、A

B)和D)都是what引导的从句，what作动词think的宾语，而think不能同时接纳what和空格后的句子作宾语，所以排除B)和D)；主句中含有感情色彩的词，从句中常用should，意为“竟然”。

本句中 should表示惊讶语气，故不能省略．句意：你居然会认为在这个城市居住是很无聊的，这点让我很惊讶。

59、It is imperative that the government ______ more investment into the shipbuilding industry.

?A. attracts ? B. shall attract ?C. attract ? ??D. has to

C

It is(was)+形容词(或过去分词)+that…结构中，使用某些表示愿望、建议、请求、命令、迫切等形容词后的主语从句的谓语要用虚拟语气。其表达形式为should+动词原形或省略should直接用动词原形。本句中imperative就是这种用法。

2005年

1. If you explained the situation to your solicitor, he ____ able to advise you much better than I can.

A. would be B. will have been C. was D. were

【参考答案】：A

【题目解析】：虚拟语气。本句条件从句中的谓语动词用了过去式explained，说明其内容与现在/将来的情况相反，所以主句谓语应该由would+动词原形构成。B，C不用于虚拟语气；D．were只用于表虚拟的条件句中。

10. That was not the first time he ____ us. I think it’s high time we ____ strong actions against him.

A. betrayed…take B. had betrayed…took

C. has betrayed…took D. has betrayed…take

【参考答案】：B

【题目解析】：时态用法和虚拟语气。当句子里有序数词first /second /third…..副词only或最高级best/worst/most的时候，后面的定语从句要用完成时态，例如：It is one of the most interesting books I've ever read. ( 内容过长，仅展示头部和尾部部分文字预览，全文请查看图片预览。 You __________ Jim anything about it. It was none of his business.

A. needn't have told

B. needn't tell

C. mustn't have told

D. mustn't tell

51、A

[解析] 考点：情态动词及虚拟语气。可参考1995年第55题以及1996年第49题的解释，另见1998年第52题。

[译文]你本来不必将这件事告诉杰姆的，这与他无关。

52、All of us would have enjoyed the party much more if there __________ quite such a crowd of people there.

A. weren't

B. hasn't been

C. hadn't been

D. wouldn't be

52、C

[解析] 考点：虚拟语气。由于主句中使用了 would have done，即表示与过去事实相反，那么从句中相应地使用 had done。

[译文]若不是那儿人太多，我们在聚会上都会玩得更尽兴的。

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