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Grammar The Attributive Clause ☆ 被定语从句限定的词是_______ ，引导定语从句的词叫做 ________ 或 _________。☆ 关系代词和关系副词有三大作用，即连接（连接定语从句和主句）、替代（替代前面的 先行词）、成分（在定语从句中要充当一定的句子成分）。在复合句中，充当_______ 用的从句是定语从句“先行词”“关系代词”“关系副词”形容词The boy who is reading is Tom.先行词关系代词A hospital is a place where a doctor works.先行词关系副词定语从句三要素：_______、_______、______先行词关系词主从复合句

二. 关系词的分类

关系代词

2. 关系副词

关系代词在定语从句中作主语、宾语、表语和定语，常用的关系代词有：that, which, who, whom, whose, as

关系副词在定语从句中作状语，常用的关系副词有：when, where, why二. 关系词的分类三. 关系代词的基本用法和注意点1. 关系代词的基本用法三. 1. 关系代词的基本用法Join the following sentences:

A plane is a machine. The machine can fly.

A plane is can fly.

关系代词的实质a machinethe machinethat/which定语从句讲解

—关系代词(the Relative Pron.)关系代词的实质Join the following sentences:

1. The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday.

we saw yesterday is Mary.

herThe girl关系代词的实质Join the following sentences:

The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday.

we saw yesterday is Mary.

herThe girl关系代词的实质Join the following sentences:

The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday.

we saw yesterday is Mary.

herThe girl关系代词的实质Join the following sentences:

The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday.

we saw yesterday is Mary.

herThe girl关系代词的实质Join the following sentences:

The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday.

we saw yesterday is Mary.

herThe girl关系代词的实质Join the following sentences:

The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday.

we saw yesterday is Mary.

herThe girl(that/who/whom)I have an apple.The apple is red.I have an applethat/which is red.I like some friends. Some friends like sports.I like frinedswho/that like sports. ① who指人,在定语从句中作主语或宾语。作宾语时，可省略。The man (who) I talked with is our teacher.A person who steals things is called a thief.②whom指人,在定语从句中作宾语，可省略。 The man (whom) I nodded to is Mr. Li.who, whom③ which 指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。作宾语时，可省略。 These are the trees which were planted

last year.This recorder （which） he is using is

made in Japan. whichHe is the man (that) I told you about.④that 指人或物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。作宾语时，可省略。A plane is a machine that can fly.that⑤whose指人或物, 在定语从句中作定语 。不可省略。We live in a house whose windows face south.This is the little girl whose parents were killed in the great earthquake.whose(3) whose引导的定语从句注意点①whose引导定语从句，其后应紧跟名词，构成名词短语。

② whose与它所修饰的名词一起可以作介词的宾语。如：

The boss in whose department he worked had heard the news.他工作所在部门的老板已经听说了这个消息。(3)whose引导的定语从句注意点④whose的先行词指物时，可用of which代替，但语序不同，即whose+名词 = the+名词+of which，或= of which + the + 名词。如：

The novel whose title (= the title of which或of which the title) is Red and Black is very interesting.③ whose引导的定语从句，其先行词既可以指人也可以指物。⑤whose的先行词指人时，可用of whom代替，但语序不同，即whose+名词 = the+名词+of whom，或= of whom + the + 名词。如：

The boy whose mother (= the mother of whom或of whom the mother) is a doctor is my friend.观察下列句子判断出关系代词在从句中的位置以及成分。

探究：做题时什么情况下才能使用whose?

They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.　

They rushed over to help the man the car of whom had broken down.

They rushed over to help the man of whom the car had broken down.

Please pass me the book whose cover is green.

Please pass me the book the cover of _______ is green.

Please pass me the book of _____ the cover is green.

Please pass me the book and the cover of _______ is green.

总结：关系代词whose在从句中做_____________语。

注意：1. whose +n 还可写成__________________和__________________。

2. 做题时，要注意到横线之前必须有________，横线之后必须有另外一个_______, 且先行词和横线后面的名词必须构成________关系，否则不能使用whose。 whichwhichit定语 the +n.+of whichof which +the +n.先行词名词所属2. 关系代词的用法注意点(1) that和which都可以指物，但以下5种情况只能用that 不能用which。①当先行词中有人又有物时。如： Do you know the things and persons that they are talking about?2. 关系代词用法注意点(1)只能用that不能用which的5种情况②当先行词为不定代词all, one, few, little, no, some, any, everything, nothing, nobody, none等时。如：

This is all that I want from the school.③当先行词被the only, just, very, right, last等修饰时。如：

This is the very book that I am looking for these days.④当先行词被最高级修饰时。如：

The TV tower is the highest building that has been built in this city.⑤当先行词被序数词修饰时。如：

The first lesson that I learned will never be forgotten.(2) that和who都可以指人，但下面两种情况，多用who。(2)用who不用that的情况①先行词为all, anyone, one, ones等时。如：

All who heard the news were excited.②先行词为those, he和people时。如：

Those who want to go please sign your names here.

He who does not reach the Great Wall is not a true man.(4) 关系代词在从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词的人称和数必须与先行词保持一致。如：

Those who are against the plan put up your hands.

Tom is one of the students who were praised by the teacher yesterday.

Tom is the only one of the students who was praised by the teacher yesterday.(4)从句中的谓语动词与先行词保持一致考点二：以下情况只能用which引导定语从句。1.引导非限制性定语从句时, 其先行词可是一个词,也可是整个主句或主句的某一部分。 3.句子中同时有两个定语从句，其中一个已经用了 that 引导时 2. 先行词是物，紧接在介词后面时

四. 介词+which/ whom引导的定语从句1. 介词的选用原则：根据定语从句谓语动词的习惯搭配来决定。

This is the book on which I spent 8 dollars.

This is the book for which I paid 8 dollars.四. “介词+which/whom”引导的从句， 1.介词选用原则

(2) 根据先行词的习惯搭配来决定。I remember the day on which I joined the Party.

I remember the days during which I lived there.

2. 当介词放在关系代词前面时，关系代词只能用whom(指人)或which(指物)，且关系代词不能省略。The man with whom you talked just now is my neighbor.

I can’t find the pen with which I was writing .2. 介词位于关系代词前，关系代词的使用

3. 当介词位于定语从句末尾时，可用 which/that(指物), who/whom/that(指人)作从句中介词的宾语.而且作介词宾语的关系代词可以省略。(whom/who/that)(which/that)Dad is a person________________ I can easily talk to.Is this the play ___________ you were talking about just now?3. 介词位于句末，关系代词的使用

4. 在一些固定搭配的动词短语中，由于动词和介词不可分割，因此不能把介词置于关系代词之前。如：This is the watch (that/ which) I am looking for.

The babies (who/ whom/ that) the nurse is looking after are very healthy.4. 含介词的固定搭配动词短语的使用

5. 先行词是the way，意为“方式，方法”时，引导定语从句的关系词用that/ in which或省略。 I didn't like the way _______________

she talked to me.

The way _________________he

teaches English is interesting.（that/in which）（that/in which）5. 先行词为the way，关系词的使用考点三：关系代词 as 的用法 ☆ the same … as 表示同一类人或物；

the same … that 指同一个人或物1.直接引导定语从句: 作用相当于which He was late, as / which is often the case. 2.与such 连用, 引起定语从句 There are no such writers as you mention. It gave him such a shock that his face turned

white. 3.与same 连用, 引起定语从句 如此 …… 以至于 This is the same pen ______I lost yesterday.

A. as B. that

C.the one D. A&B D比较：

...the same pen as I lost.

... the same pen that I lost.表示这支笔与我不见的那支很像，不一定就是则表示这支笔就是我不见的那支 Eg: 定语从句三步：

第一找出先行词

第二看先行词在定语从句中的

语法功能（做主语、宾语或状

语）

第三选择合适的关系词训练案

应用

请同学们用找出下列各句中的先行词、关系词以及主从复合句。

1) A 内容过长，仅展示头部和尾部部分文字预览，全文请查看图片预览。

4. “介词+关系代词”结构引导非限制性定语从句，一般有以下几种结构：(1)名词+介词+关系代词：

They live in a house, the door of which faces south.4. “介词+关系代词”引导非限制性定语从句的几种结构(2)代词+介词+关系代词：

There are four students in the classroom, all of whom are working hard.

(3)数词+介词+关系代词：

Last Sunday I bought a book from the bookstore, three of which were English novels.(4)形容词比较级/最高级+介词+关系代词：

China has thousands of islands, the largest of which is Taiwan.Thank you[文章尾部最后500字内容到此结束,中间部分内容请查看底下的图片预览]

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